Hittite andurza “inside, indoors” and the Indo-Hittite Hypothesis

نویسنده

  • Brian D. JOSEPH
چکیده

Hittite attests an adverbial form andurza, with the basic meaning " inside; indoors ". It is often found opposed in ritual texts to askáz (ablative of aska-'gate') " out of the gate, outdoors " (see Puhvel [1984: s.v.] for citations); it also occurs in treaties with reference to rebellions in the meaning " in the interior, internally " , and is therein opposed to aravza (an old ablative of arva-" limit, boundary ") " from the outside " , which refers to attacks (ibid.). As Puhvel notes, a form andurza presupposes a base *andur-, which is suggested also by the derivative adjective anduriya-" situated within ". This presumed base, however, is unattested as such in Hittite. The internal segmentation of this presumed form *andur-and consequently its etymology have both been much discussed and much disputed in the literature (for references and discussion, see Friedrich/Kammenhuber [1977: s.v.], Tischler [1978: s.v.], and Puhvel [1984: s.v.]). Although at present there seems to be little to go on to decide the question of the root etymology 1 , two reasonable possibilities have emerged 2. One hypothesis that has attracted considerable support derives *andur-from some form of the Indo-European *dhwor-'door' (so Sturtevant [early in his writings], Hamp, Kronasser, Tischler, and others), and thus posits an etymological segmentation of *en-dhwor-, though there is some disagreement as to the exact vowel grade of the prefix and the root that would allow for the Hittite vocalism. The alternative hypothesis treats *andur-as related to Latin inter, Sanskrit antár, etc., from an Indo-European stem (adverbial or otherwise) *enter-, (so Couvreur, Sturtevant [later in his writings], and Puhvel), and, as with *en-dhwor-, there is no agreement as to the vowel grades involved in the derivation of the Hittite vocalism.

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تاریخ انتشار 2005